Why Changes in the Immune System During Pregnancy Increase Infection Risk
Dear expectant parents, pregnancy is a journey filled with anticipation, but you may notice that expectant mothers are more prone to illness. This is because the immune system undergoes natural adaptations during pregnancy to protect the developing baby, which may simultaneously increase susceptibility to infections. Understanding these changes can help you navigate your pregnancy with greater peace of mind. According to 2021 guidelines from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), these adjustments are part of the body's wisdom and can usually be managed through simple prevention.
Possible Reasons
- Enhanced Immune Tolerance: The body reduces immune responses to avoid attacking the fetus (similar to the mechanism in organ transplantation), but this may weaken normal defenses against bacteria and viruses.
- Hormonal Fluctuations: Increased levels of hormones like progesterone often suppress the activity of certain immune cells, making it easier for pathogens to invade.
- Physiological Adaptations: Pregnancy causes swelling or thinning of mucosal linings in the respiratory and urinary tracts, increasing susceptibility to infection entry points.
Home Care Recommendations
- Strengthen Personal Hygiene: Wash hands frequently with soap and water, scrubbing for at least 20 seconds; especially before eating or after touching public items.
- Avoid Potential Infection Sources: Try to stay away from sick individuals and reduce time spent in crowded places; ensure food is thoroughly cooked and drink water from safe sources.
- Discuss Vaccination: Talk to your doctor about updating vaccines, such as the flu shot, which are generally recommended and safe during pregnancy.
When to Seek Medical Care
- ⚠️ Seek immediate medical care if experiencing persistent fever (temperature exceeding 38°C).
- ⚠️ Seek immediate medical care if experiencing difficulty breathing or chest pain.
- ⚠️ Seek immediate medical care if experiencing severe vomiting or signs of dehydration (such as significantly reduced urine output).
Conclusion
Recognizing the changes in the pregnant immune system is the first protective step you take as parents. Through daily prevention and timely medical consultation, you can build a healthy barrier for both your baby and yourself. Remember, every careful measure is an expression of love—stay optimistic, work hand-in-hand with your professional healthcare team, and welcome the miracle of new life!
The information provided in this article is for reference only and cannot replace professional medical diagnosis or treatment advice; if your child experiences any health issues or the warning signs mentioned, please consult a qualified healthcare provider immediately.